Excel Services supports sharing, securing, managing, and using Excel 2010 workbooks in a SharePoint Server Web site or document library. Excel Services consists of the Excel Calculation Services (ECS), Microsoft Excel Web Access (EWA), and Excel Web Services (EWS) components. These three components interact with SharePoint Server and Excel Services to contribute to organizational business intelligence processes. Essentially, Excel 2010 is an authoring tool and Excel Services is a reporting tool. Excel Services provides both a Web-based UI for browser-based access and a Web service API for programmatic access that have options for controlling what data is available to users and applications.

Here are few reason why one should require SharePoint Excel Service in organization,

More secure sharing of workbooks - Workbook authors can share workbooks without exposing any underlying proprietary business logic, and they can prevent others from editing workbooks.

Business intelligence - Workbooks that are connected to enterprise data sources can be published to the server and used in business intelligence dashboards and scorecards. Users can interact with the workbooks in the browser to explore the data.

More secure sharing of workbooks - Workbook authors can share workbooks without exposing any underlying proprietary business logic, and they can prevent others from editing workbooks.

Extensibility - Reusable logic that is contained in workbooks and user-defined functions is available for developers to implement in server-based applications.

Reliability and availability - There are significant benefits to running calculations on servers instead of on client computers. Offloading calculations to servers frees users' computers and takes advantage of the server's additional computing power for long-running calculations. Calculating on a server provides the high reliability and availability of redundant, enterprise-class systems and dramatically reduces risks that are associated with system failure.

Protection of corporate intellectual assets - Many End User Computing (“EUC”) spreadsheet-based systems contain proprietary information, methods, models or code which organizations would prefer not to distribute. It is all too easy with desktop spreadsheets for this information to leak out. By embedding these models and code into a server-side solution then you can control who has access to the proprietary information and prevent distribution to unauthorized parties.

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